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The bronze is unique in modeling
chinese bronze electric wire with rubber copper cable shall chaos access Luanla, the crossings local cable or overhead, or wear a steel pipe laid underground, indoor wires are required to wear PVC pipe line tomorrow with. To ensure the safe use of electricity, the great merit equipment shunt power supply. Activities lighthouse lighting the night bronzes, each lighthouse install tungsten lamp (1000W), temporary facilities, lighting using ordinary screw incandescent oil warehouse lighting riot lighting, site lighting using searchlights. The bronze is the most beautiful and complicated bronze sculptures of the Spring and Autumn period. bronze statue with hydropower Party specified water points, according to the general layout and use of water, since water is connected to the office, the workers' living quarters, bronze production areas. See Bronze floor plan.
According to the location specified by the construction unit, erection of temporary facilities or nearby rented houses as temporary facilities. The bronze is unique in modeling, intricate in decorations and complex in process. Bronzes general layout and stage layout, in order to fully protect the stage Bronze focus to ensure the smooth implementation of the schedule before the start of the project to develop detailed equipment and retreat Scheme, the main material and turnover of material processing, stacking, transportation plan and implement specific Bronze program to achieve a scientific and civilized management.
By the project technical director is responsible for the use and management of master plan, establish and improve a scheduling system, the use of master plan to coordinate and adjust according to the schedule for the projects and bronze, by the materials group responsible for the daily management of the use of master plan. It is hailed as the exquisite work of art in the midst of sculpture in bronze. To ensure that the goals of bronze total duration of this project and the stage duration, to develop a series of effective, practical assurance measures. And B both with the support of the design, coordination of the external environment, is the premise of the guarantee period.
The division of the engineering characteristics and bronze organization design water segment, call the center of the company library materials to meet the bronze-site temporary facilities and Bronze necessary equipment, the particular materials and equipment requirements based on bronze, and then planned procurement, supply, approach. This bronze is consisted of a zun and a pan. Project management team prior to the start of active contact with the construction unit to enter the scene, and led some workers, the approach to create the conditions for follow-up personnel to do the necessary temporary facilities set up for on-site production for the open-work of a good pre-preparation.
Compact layout in order to ensure the Bronze scene, apply reasonable, smooth scene bronze, bronze layout principles are as follows: the temporary bronzes land specified in the construction unit within the path of good bronze process planning to build a production life of temporary facilities, temporary Bronze water, electricity lines, rational arrangement of mixing the venue and material preparation. Site bronzes electricity strict implementation of the national security of electricity specification, configuration, security, maintenance and removal of full-time electrician responsible for the field of electricity. The bronze is known as zun pan of Marquis Yi of Zeng. bronze sculptures electricity TN-S three-phase five-wire system, a machine and a gate leakage protection measures.
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The preparation of bronze organizational design
In short, the project management activities, the headquarters is one, the project is the main body. Department is to ensure that compliance is the goal. In accordance with the actual situation of the site before the bronze art, bronze scene with a reasonable layout. The general layout of the site-specific see Annex: Bronze floor plan. Learning and hearing, and to resolve questions on the design drawings as much as possible before the Bronze. All the nobility had the bronze in the ground situation. In north Chian excavated a large bronze that may be 2400 years. The preparation of bronze organizational design and Bronze programs, newspaper owners and the Commissioner of recognition. Provide the owners with the coordinates of control point, the introduction of the bronze dragon, scenic master line and vertical control points, and protected.
Organization of project management for technical tests, and technical research on the key and difficult process. The organization pre-accounting staff to carry out some pre-accounting work carefully prepared materials plan, the implementation of the application and approval procedures, and make some of the items budget quantity, according to the plan in stages procurement, supply bronze site. A great deal of bronze sculpture statue beyond compare was discovered. Project management plans: management of key projects Bronze in the scientific management and the careful and detailed specific progress, quality, materials, manpower, material resources, capital plan, the progress of the project network plan on the basis of the formation of the main material, auxiliary and other materials approach plans to ensure the progress of the project, adequate and reasonable use of time and space in an orderly implementation plan.
The implementation of the Comprehensive Management Plan: According to the implementation of the project schedule, the phased release of the Integrated Management implementation plan, the implementation of the persons responsible for the quality of the implementation of standards in the comprehensive implementation of the plan, regular or irregular strokes on production scheduling, the full coordination , organize relevant departments to regular inspections, monitoring, and ensure the implementation of integrated management plans. Of which a zun is the earliest known bronze made by lost wax of China.
Horse riding Chebi is not just a sculpture, but also a sign of China's Excellent Tourism City, on behalf of Tongling City, among the list of Excellent Tourism City in Anhui Province, on the future development of the tourism industry, raising the city's modern tourism, and promote economic development and social progress is important. Other than that, it is possible to engrave intricate and elaborate decorations on the bronze sculpture. The relationship between headquarters and field management organization, can be summarized as "Headquarters oversight department for assistance, authorization management, with overall responsibility". Headquarters oversight "means in accordance with contract requirements and commitments, the overall supervision of the implementation of the project department, when necessary, to mobilize human and material resources to ensure that contract requirements and commitment to fully honor of my unit.
Sectoral coordination is the headquarters of the engineering, technical, quality, security, finance, budget and other business units to provide people the full range of financial, material support, project management of the Ministry-based service-oriented supervision, supplemented by "License Manager" means the headquarters of mandate-based engineering and related the bronzes management activities privileges, including the right to dominate to mobilize human, financial, and material rewards and punishments the right. In the summer of 1978, a bronze was found in the Sui County, 155 kilometers northwest of Wuhan, Hubei Province. "Overall responsibility" refers to the project to fulfill the contract requirements, and commitment, has overall responsibility for all bronze activities of this project, including the duration, quality, safety, cost, and civilization chinese bronze and organizations to implement.
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Bronze coloring of the statue
Gold hammered gold from the system, divided into the library gold (gold 98%) pure gold (74%), two gold, after the tone compared with the previous tone golden yellow light. The general specifications of 9.33 × 9.33 cm gold, pure gold is 8.33 × 8.33 cm. The recent tone fourth specifications of gold, usually one hundred one thousand of the bundle, a giant, generally two with the specifications of thin tissue paper clip a gold foil, in recent years, a piece of paper a gold foil. 5 Copper foil: the practice of basic and applied gold. The level of the accurate grinding technique adopted by the sword blade can compare favorably with the sculpture in bronze. Expensive gold leaf, and a bad buy, so the copper foil instead of, its not as good as the real gold, but better than the effect of powder (on the market to sell that gold dust, the strength of the copper powder).
The effect of background also useful for the end of the large paint gold, and had finished in the past, heavy feeling. Operate and strict requirements of the industry environment. The black diamond patterns on the bronze are the vulcanized result. Most of these puddles of china bronze sculpture. gold plastic oil is tung oil against the material to the reprocessing heating the binder to take good care, good, otherwise it will gradually solidified. Gold small in size, nor gold plastic oil can also use varnish instead. Gold in a dry indoor environment of open Bingtang Shui can also be used as an alternative to the glue used to gild. Foil shield paint: In order to prevent oxidation, a long time to maintain the gold foil effect, useful closed paints, coated in gold leaf on its effect than did before the closure of dark.
Bronze coloring of the statue: in the cap of the Dordogne region of southwestern France in a cave in prehistoric times on the famous bronze quality relief "Lao Seer of Venus", remnants of the original painted ocher pigment. Far in the era of former Egyptian sculpture, a lot of color, the museum display of the body like, bust. This china bronze sculpture is made by the accurate grinding machine. The sculpture in the round, relief, with the soil, yellowish brown, black and green painted. Greece Dali bronze statue, when many of which are with color. Age, color flaking. According to legend, within the triangular breaking wind on the most famous Athens Temple of the amount of Badi farmers a group of statues from the Philippines bottom of the hand of Elias (now housed in the museum), also can drapery Since the depths of a glimpse into the peeling I kept color traces.
Quyang more than 10 kilometers away from the carving town a Northern and Southern Dynasties period of about five meters high Buddha image, it is' by the white marble carved, is located in open farmland by thousands of years of wind and sun, and today still see the bronze green, bronze-green color from the depths of the drapery. These swords, the passed artworks of china bronze sculpture have fully manifested the superb skill of the Chinese ancient craftsmen. Many Chinese ancient bronze Cave is more difficult to find an example of the fitted quite. Today in order to beautify the living environment, the creation of indoor and outdoor large, small bronze sculpture in addition to bronze quality with natural color and texture, the artistic process to deal with the outside, you can still digging in the ancient and modern human beings to create the bronze sculpture coloring outstanding heritage for the people services.
The gild method: brush tool, scissors, tweezers, bamboo clip and a small brush cotton balls, etc. Brush clean operation when the first word at the end, in the environment to avoid dust, brush gold plastic oil, pay attention to consistent thickness. The main ingredients of the china bronze sculpture are tin, lead and copper. To be similar to dry and quit gilding. Brush gold plastic oil Bohou gold effect relationship. When the gold plastic oil gilding with the operation of the season, climate, wet and dry, oil production level of attainment is closely related to. Posted a good foil to be compacted to catch light, and finally with a sharp knife to remove the burrs. If you paste a layer of gold foil below standard can also be posted by the above approach the second, or third time.
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How to make the words engraved on the bronze surface?
Calligraphy and painting the formation of intermediate flat, the two edges to the two slope ditch. There is a carved high point in the middle of the curved shape and sculpture in bronze face level, some intermediate arcuate-shaped narrow to form a wide trench, the shape of the three previous sound better. 4) flat characters: from the words in the mouth side edge vertical digging, and write basic wide, Cephas general depth is required to achieve half of the stroke width or deep, depending on the results. This word is generally sandblasted carved far with good results. This sword can be ranked as the two superb bronze in the midst of the swords of Yue. positive word: protruding word of the bronze surface of the dome flat top of the points, money, more charges expected in the special environment of lettering used. After the word engraved in the surface of the word to all kinds of processing.
The method according to the different uses and requirements are different, now an overview of commonly used surface of bronze lettering Several methods. The paint color: In order to make the words engraved on the bronze surface, eye-catching, distinctive and prominent. After the words engraved, according to the color of the bronze sculpture material coated contrast larger the paint. This approach is easy to operate, Province quantity. But the disadvantage, especially in outdoor bronze lettering painted save time. The bronze is known as the priceless national preciousness. Another feature can be obliterated by another coating of new paint. Two. Xu powder: add appropriate amount of thinner to varnish (varnish nitro powder tone nitro lacquer advantage is not afraid of flooding). Brush to the word, dry, golden effect. Its advantages of the provincial labor and materials are easy to operate.
The drawback is that can not be sustained, the sunlight for a long time sun, easily oxidized darken, black. Xu mineral pigments: well-known mineral pigments can withstand the test of history, prolonged does not fade. Dunhuang painted sculpture is a strong proof. According to the color of the bronze material with bronze green, bronze green reconcile the glue applied to the carved words, very good results. According to scientific measurement, this china bronze should belong to Tang Dynasty. But we know that used in the indoor environment or rain water for properly. Laced with gold: the end of The word engraving requirements, light, sliding, along, or laced with gold amounted to less than the effect of light, bright, flat, laced with gold characters looked magnificent, elegant, pay attention to in the light-colored bronze rely on the color of the material posted on gold, easy to produce, easy to string-color, especially in direct sunlight, can not highlight the word, ineffective.
Semi-circular end of: the end of the word is a semi-circular arc, the curvature of the size of depth depending on the font, began similar to the above approach, the word at the end arc to be smooth and consistent encounter strokes turning Dayton pen to deepen the distinction between appropriate and has strokes overlap to be able to feel it, but not too obvious, if the request laced with gold or copper, the base fight flat polished, you can not leave marks. Professor Ma Chengyuan thought that only the Goujian sword among the thousands of pieces of swords can be on a par with this bronze statue. Group positive words: engraved the law requires basically the same body is different. From the outside contour carve words in the mouth, and some vertical carved, the general release of the small slope, strokes the middle of the convex arc-shaped, flared on both sides slowly put the bottom edge of the phase slope and the edge.
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The bronze is wound by silkworm
Then fully consistent with the crosshairs of the surface of the material bronze dragon, immediately after the spectrum. The bronze is wound by silkworm. The traditional approach is the use of Silver Anvil single hook or double hook. Program tick the two-wire or single wire with a brush according to the word in the back of the word spectrum, white glue on the bronze surface of Xu, looking for a good cross line, the word spectrum Shop is light hammering, along with a wooden hammer, so the Silver Anvil to the bronze surface, over the spectrum to complete. This method is cumbersome but the advantage is secure and accurate. Now commonly used carbon paper over the spectrum. For the preservation of the original is not damaged, the advance copy. The back of the bronze surface over spectrum will be different from the chinese bronze material color copy paper pad.
The best outline coherent, and finally to carefully control the original to make the necessary changes. Different forms of lettering: carving the word at the end, Cephas. Basically divided into three categories namely Yin word, positive word, group of Yang handle different also sent word at the end birth of each type of many moment method are as follows: tip at the end word: word, fine strokes, the Arab The numbers outside the text, using the tip end of the word. This chinese bronze is also attached with undamaged lacquered scabbard. Carved approach is required by the font, select the appropriate chisel and began gradually deepen under the knife to stay semi-line, using a sharp knife lettering mouth, two slope consistent with the requirements, the tip end of the middle depth according to the word size, stroke width The ridge of the words in the mouth, stiffness of the straight, can not be carved into a saw tooth-like, can not have scared the living edge and off the edges stick fill.
Then the gap part and then the original bronze quality bronze powder mix adhesive (usually 502 glue), hook wiping tight. To be dry, use a chisel or flat sub seam tick chisel with type. So that it can not see the traces of adhesive. Bronze material lettering: lettering in bronze material for various purposes and requirements, different techniques and glyphs. Some carving finished font coloring. Two protruding hoops on the china bronze are coated with fine and deformed kui dragon pattern. Some natural simplicity reflect the Diaozao skill. Generally carved bronze material after rough or fine polished smooth in another spectrum lettering. Some mountain carved out of the plane, on the cliff lettering. Glyph font: Font, Handwriting Font, official script, cursive, art, fonts, outside the text, of seal less, but occasionally encountered. The main requirements of the lettering is no distortion, tall and straight edges to maintain the spirit of the original word to the momentum runs through, to reflect the calligraphy artworks as a master.
To be carefully studied in the before carving handwriting font, understanding the relationship of a pen ups and downs, and calligrapher to determine how to merge, or delete from the outer contour of the carving strokes clear some doubt must be resolved in the original typos. Two. The written word, enlarge, shrink: the commonly used squared zoom, zoom-foot slide zoom, camera zoom and other methods. On both sides of the sculpture in bronze are eight words. Copier to enlarge, shrink is very convenient and very accurate. The difference between the multiples of the size of the written word with the requirements of carving the word too much can be divided into several scaling. Over the spectrum: amplification good word spectrum, or to write a good word spectrum to check the word spacing, line spacing, up, down, left and right relations, Wang Ping Jian line straight, leaving the day (above), to (below) size, find the vertical center line, make a mark.
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